An allergy is a condition triggered due to the hypersensitivity of the immune system. The cause of an allergy could be the consumption of foods that one reacts to, or being stung by an insect, or coming in contact with contaminated particles present in the air. The common symptoms of an allergy include running nose, sneezing, shortness of breath, asthma, and so on. Here is how one can diagnose an allergy and get treated for the same at the earliest.
Diagnosis
- Prick test
This test involves pricking the surface of the skin with a small amount of allergen. It is either conducted on the inside of the arm or on the back. The test is positive if the site of the prick swells and becomes red. - Intradermal test
In this test, the allergen is injected into the body using a fine needle. Doctors use this test when the results of the prick test are not clear. - Blood tests
This test is less sensitive as compared to the tests mentioned above. Medical professionals collect a blood sample via a needle and send it to a lab for the identification of antibodies which are specific to an allergen.
Treatment
Nasal sprays
It is one of the most common remedies for an allergy. It is used to give an individual temporary relief from sinus-related symptoms. Different types of nasal sprays are available in the market, and one can buy over-the-counter medications or get a prescription for the same. The various types of nasal sprays available for treating an allergy are:
- Steroid sprays
People can only buy corticosteroid sprays if they have a prescription. These sprays provide immediate relief by reducing mucus and inflammation in the nasal passageways. Doctors prescribe these sprays to patients who have allergic rhinitis. It can help when it comes to fighting persistent and severe symptoms of an allergy. Though they are quite helpful, they take some time to work, and thus it is advisable to start using these at least a week beforehand. This medication is safe for adults, and a few variants are safe for children as well. - Antihistamine sprays
These sprays help prevent nasal congestion as well as postnasal drip. They block all possible effects of histamine during an allergy attack. People can also use antihistamine sprays in combination with steroid sprays. - Decongestant spray
They provide relief from nasal congestion but are not recommended to treat chronic allergies. The reason being, when used regularly, the body gets used to it, and it may even become immune to this type of nasal spray. Thus, one may have to take extra medications along with the decongestant spray to counter this.
Other treatment methods involve taking allergy shots, immunotherapy, and allergy drops. One can try the diagnostic tests and treatment methods mentioned above to cure themselves of an allergy. Some allergies can prove to be frightful, while others are mild. In both cases, they may lead to symptoms which disrupt an individual’s quality of life. One must visit a doctor and get treated for an allergy as soon as possible to avoid any complications.
